#SUMMERY
(a) RACE
A link is about "race". Race is physical and biological classification according to morphological features (like skin color that would look with eye). Race has social identity and may lies at the center of controversy. There are social characteristics that are often used to racial classification. It is nationality, tribe, religious faith, shared language, shared culture, shared traditions. Racial division were derived from ancient Egypt. There are a lot of bias about race. Prejudice is social stereotypes. These biases can lead to discrimination and abuse. However, this link use "Post-judgment" than prejudice. These stereotypes about race are accumulated from the experience of life. Many people think negatively biase and prejudice, but some sociologists have argued that prejudices and biases can be seen as necessary human adaptations facilitating survival. Racism is one's way of thinking or desire that rationalize inequal repression between ethnic group in accordance with the human biological features. A particular race is naturally superior or inferior to other race. There are Individual-level Racism, Structural Racism, Cultural Racism, Historical Raicism, etc in Racism. There are also Minorities, Racial Stratification, Race and Pollution and Interracial Marriae in this link.
(b) GENDER
This link is about gender/sex. First, the term "gender" and "sex" are used differently. Term "gender" means femininity and maleness learned culturally. Thus, gender involves values or beliefs about gender. On the other hand, term "sex" means biological and behavior center's sex. Therefore, it is the biological concept to distinguish males and females. In addition, this link say trans-gender and cis-gender. Trans-gender means a person that is different from physical body and mental gender. On the other hand, Cis-gender means person that is same from physical body and mental gender. Biological differences between women and men exist. For example, the average male percent 10 is taller, 20 percent heavier, 35 percent and stronger in the upper body than the average female (In addition, like life expectancy). As well as biological differences, the social, psychological differences also exist. It is justly the difference according to the social, environmental, cultural and historical context. For example, in work group situations in the U.S., men tend to focus on the task at hand whereas women tend to focus more on personal relationships. However, studies of trans people have demonstrated that these differences are often the result of differential treatment women and men receive in the workplace. Sexism means to have unfair treatment according to gender and prejudice about specific gender. There are also various theory about gender in this link.
#MENTION&QUESTION
I am interested in the opinion that In the 19th century a number of natural scientists wrote on race (Georges Cuvier, James Cowles Pritchard, Louis Agassiz, Charles Pickering, and Johann Friedrich Blumenbach). These scientists made three claims about race. First, races are objective, naturally occurring divisions of humanity. Second, there is a strong relationship between biological races and other human phenomena (such as social behavior and culture, and by extension the relative material success of cultures). Third, race is therefore a valid scientific category that can be used to explain and predict individual and group behavior. The reason that I interested in this part is that I get on one´s nerves second and third opinion. Especially the third opinion is best. Of course, if I think practically and coldly, these third opinion is correct. However, that fragmentarily race is a valid scientific category that can be used to explain and predict individual and group behavior is so sad. What do you think about claim of these scholars?
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