W 14 Demography _ Ahn Seo Hyeon (안서현)

Summary

  Demography is study about human population's change. Demography comes from censuses,registration statistics. 

  There are indicators in demography. 

1. Fertility : female's ability to give birth to offspring. Replacement level is concept in fertility. Important predictor is woman's fertility attainment. However woman's education level is problem in fertility. Because high educated female tend to delay marriage. Marriage relates with fertility. 

2. Fecundity : female's reproduction possibility

3. Mortality : humans will be die. Best predictor is longevity. Longevity's factors are wealth, race, ,, job satisfaction.

  In pre-industrial age , birth and death rate are both high. In post-industrial age, birth and death rate became low. This means the demographic transition. It means transition of birth and death rate from high to low level. 

  Overpopulation is the number of person is more than capacity of ecological niche. It equals population over resources. Most countries birth rates are becoming lower, but African birth rates are becoming higher. Solutions of overpopulation are survival of fittest and economic development. 

  Underpopulation has opposite meaning of overpopulation. More people are needed to keep specific region. 

  Urbanization is urban area's physical growth. And the movement of population from rural area to urban area means urbanization. There are economic, environmental and other effects. And urbanization can be planned or natural. 

Interesting point & Question

I am interested in African birth rates are becoming higher. I think Africa's environment is not good to raise children. And most of Africa's countries don't have good economic ability and education environment. But why are African's birth rates becoming higher? 

I think it's because they don't have medical technique including contraception. So if female is pregnant, she should bear baby.


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