Q) Coercion is less effective in today’s post-industrial
societies. Why do you think this is the case?
I think this is
due to the growing interest in civic consciousness and human rights. With the
industrialized society as the end point, the world has been subjected to
numerous repressions and human rights abuses as a result of its obsession with
material elements such as money and indifference to minorities. However, modern
society has changed. People can get their voices while the rights are guaranteed
by law. In this environment, the oppressive force, such as coercion, is very
likely to dissuade citizens. Therefore, coercion is no longer effective.
Q) should we transform our representative democracies to
direct democracies and make politicians obsolete?
I think there is
a limit in any direction. However, depending on the situation in each country,
the degree of disadvantage seems to be different. In Korea, the problem of
representative democracy seems to be particularly manifested by the
incompetence and corruption of politicians. However, the realization of direct
democracy in modern countries is a real challenge. Some people say that the
diffusion of the Internet can bring about this, but I think that we have not
reached the stage where all citizens can equally realize the democracy by using
the Internet. So I think this is a matter of politicians who are greedy rather
than systemic.
Q) how is Korea influencing the politics of Asia?
It is likely
that Korea will continue to be an important issue in future Asian policy.
First, Korea is a divided nation that has not been reunified. The world will
have to look carefully at this situation because it is divided into South and
North according to ideology, and it is not clear when to war. Also, because it
is located between geographically conflicting countries (USA + Japan, Russia +
China), the future of Asia may change depending on what kind of diplomacy Korea
does.
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