Extra posting:Would you like to have more say in the political decision making?-By Ko Min Jin

Yes, recently political issue the ‘choi- sun sil’ situation. We don’t know everything before ‘JTBC news’ is reported.

We do not repeat similar situation, we deeply interested in politics and actively participated in the political decision making.

 

Gender - Ahn Seohyeon(안서현)

Summary

First, gender and sex is different thing.
Gender is a kind of role that is assigned by society or culture. Gender depends on behavioral expectations and norms. And people know them , adopt that behaviors. 
Sex is genetic and biological factor. But expectations change. Traditional gender characteristics are different from today's.
Sex separate people to female/male. Female have larger gametes than male , so they can bear offspring. Female do reproduction in society. But deciding person's sex is complex problem, so standards are not uniform. Today, intersex and transexuality are hot topics.
Physiological differences between two sexes are important as sociological differences.
For example, organs and chromosomes are different and male are taller, stronger than female. And female live about 4 years longer than male in average.
There are discriminations based on sex or gender. And there are many theories.

Opinion

In Korea, gender is very important topic. In Korea society, men had privileges a lengthy period time. However, women couldn't. Because, in the past(Joseon Dynasty era), state religion was confucianism. This religion divide the role between men and women, exhaustively. But, the seperation is male chauvinism, excessively. So, men had several privileges in society, however women had very suppressed life. The problem is this tendency continues this day. Society still recognize men strong than women, men work better than women and there are very very many prejudice and misunderstanding about women. These tendencies are wrong clearly.
Also, education and media describe women are weaker than men. In addition, media use women's sex appeal for their profit. So, some of boys and adult male are mistaken about women.
Furthermore, these tendencies cause suppression of women.

(By Joepbc uploaded this image from http://vrij-zinnig.nl/wp/2015/06/30/behind-every-great-man/ [CC BY-SA 4.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0)], via Wikimedia Commons)

Question

How to educate for teenager's right gender values and understanding?

posting by seung jae Lee - (W.10)

summary(Race and Ethnicity))
In this post, Core word is 'Race' and 'Ethnicity'. Definition of Race is type that divided by biological trait and member's area. white, yellow, black people is representative example. and Ethnicity is during  some ethnic generate and develop, as a result of cultural interaction, appears as a unique feature.
'Ethnicity' is iffy to explain while distinguish it from 'Ethnic' and 'Race'. In recent social scientific and historic research, see 'Ethnic' and 'Ethnicity' as political product of modern society.
In conclusion, 'Ethnicity' and 'Race' are different concept. But! 'Ethnicity' is often establish based on common race. so race is not essential element, but closely related.

Racism
Racism is way of thinking and craving rationalize unequal oppression among the peoples depending on biological trait. And racism is opinion that see race as essential element of establish and develop of society. So discrimination in racism is natural phenomenon.

my opinion)
I seem to be born well in time. In our area, Although racial discrimination has not completely disappeared, because it is much smaller than before. Thinking that discriminate people because only race is really worst! hate! If life is determined because of being born, It will not be as bad as that.

summary(Gender))
Gender and Sex are similar. but not same. There are subtle differences. Simply say, Sex refer to biological difference of men and women. Gender is social sex. so can be saw mental sex? We all experience, there are many bias about men and women. As soon as
I refer to this, I remembered something. 'Men should not cry.' It is a word that came in from a childhood. But I heard the word, I always cried more. The reality that a man can not cry make me very sad.

http://aupair.tistory.com/entry/%EC%9C%A1%EC%95%84%EC%B4%88%EB%B3%B4%EB%93%A4%EC%9D%84%EC%9C%84%ED%95%9C-%EC%9A%B0%EB%8A%94-%EC%95%84%EC%9D%B4-%EB%8B%AC%EB%9E%98%EB%8A%94-%EB%B0%A9%EB%B2%95

There are people that mental sex and physical sex unmatched. It is transgender. It is a concept distinguished from homosexuals.
Cisgender is a term created in response to a transgender and refers to a person whose physical and social coincides. Yes. There are these terms.

and Concept 'gender' evolves badly, It changed to 'Sexism'. This refer to an attitude or conduct that differentiates publicly or privately with men or women based on sex. As I said earlier, I cried with my sister, but It was my part that be scolded. This accident can be good example of sexism!

my opinion)
Of course, Sexism is not good. But It seems to be hard to disappear completely. The physical differences between men and women are unavoidable facts. Naturally there will be jobs that suit each other. but It should not be stereotyped. There will be a woman who does a good job that as most people think, suitable for a man than a good man, also there will be a man who is good at knitting than a good women. It should be a society that is placed in the proper place according to ability, not because of sex.

http://observer.com/2016/08/never-talk-about-sexism-if-you-want-to-be-taken-seriously/

Posting by Boeun Kim (김보은)_W10

Race and Ethnicity

 

summary:

 # Definition

  Race is defining groups according to looked figures through eye directly such as skin color or facial characteristics. So racial classification is made by biological characteristics and this ‘race’ notion can make individual’s identity and social status. Ethnicity is mental characteristics of some groups such as nationality tribe, religious faith, shared language, shared culture, and shared traditions. Shared history and culture of some groups affect their ethnicity.

The definition of race have been changed through medieval times and imperialism era. In past, some definition of race argue that race decide intelligence or morality and that is no change. And this thinks come down to racist who believe that specific race superior than other race.

 

 # Social construct or biological lineage?

 

  Social construction is a notion that race is just artificial definition by people so think that classification is meaningless. This focus individual’s self-defining ethnicity. On the other hand, some sociologists insist that individual’s genetic data relate to their identity. The controversy of both perspectives are on going. Nevertheless, there are genetic differences which relate to vulnerability of diseases. So there are some people who agree that using race to biomedical parts for researching correlation between specific gene and specific diseases.

 

# Prejudice, bias, and discrimination

 

  Prejudice is pre-judging something before actual experience. especially, it is the negative view about individual or groups often based on social stereotypes. It affect discrimination, but two notion are different. Discrimination is reinforced notion of prejudice. Prejudice can be taught, socialized, or conveyed through other means, like mass media. Bias can develop through pronounced negative interactions with the stereotyped groups. However, some sociologists have argued that prejudices and biases can be seen as necessary human adaptations facilitating survival

 

# Racism

 

  Some thinks such as “a certain race is inherently superior or inferior to others” or “the actual treating of individuals differently based on their racial classification” are recognized racism. It is anti-human right notion. Expression of racism exists various way: Structural racism, Cultural racism, Historical racism, Racial profiling, and Color-blind racism. Structural racism refers to inequalities built into an organization or system. Cultural racism. And serious racism made big genocides. One response to these racism has been way of Affirmative Action.

Interesting point :

 

  This time, I thought about racism. According to part of combining approaches, perhaps the best way to understand race is to recognize that the socially constructed boundaries and biological/genetic elements overlap. But, unfortunately, human tend to focuses on negative things like conflicts. There are people who use the notion to look down on or ridicule others because of differences such as looking or thinks. I think the notion of ‘racism’ is maybe fundamentally discriminative notion from birth.

Posting by JI Min Kim(W10)

#SUMMAY
Race differentiates humans based on physical differences. How to distinguish is skin color.
Ethnicity focuses on organizations that share the past or culture.
Naturalist scientists of the nineteenth century said they can explain behavior according to race.
Even now, racial differences continue to be politically important.
The debate continues as to how races should be understood.
Biological explanations say that race is a very important indicator of characterization.
However, this racial segmentation also creates problems.
The problem is racism. These racial discrimination is already recognized by historical, structural and ethnic filing. Such racial discrimination may include ethnic minority racial discrimination and white discrimination against blacks.
Sex is divided into male and female by X, Y chromosome.
Gender is similar to sex. Gender is the social difference between men and women
It says.
A man is a stronger image and a woman has a soft image.
Biologically, men are physically larger and women are smaller. Men also have more mathematical reasoning
The woman had a brain with developed language and emotional expressions.
Also, socially, men tend to get better jobs than women.
If this becomes too strong, sexism will appear.
There are many theories to explain this: functionalism, conflict theory, mutual interaction, and feminist.

sport have racism (Daniel Alves Da Silva)

#Interesting point,Realization
 Interesting point was that we had distinguished all characteristics according to race.
I thought there might be a difference only physically.
 But it was interesting that sociologists said there were differences in various aspects. Also, gender and sex have slightly different meanings
It was interesting that there was. I also thought once again that racial discrimination is not really good.
I also thought that all races should not make a difference because each race has its advantages.



#Question
I want to ask the professor, I wonder how appropriate the level of feminist and other performance related groups should be.
I also wonder whether racial discrimination originated from the supremacy of human beings, or whether it was formed about the power inherently.



photo1:race
photo2:Gender

Extra posting : is modern democracy really "the will of the people"? by Ko Min Jin

Yes. I think, people want to freedom. And they also want to keep their right. For example equality, human right and civil right and so on. So people maintain and protect their right throght democracy.

Posting By Ko Minjin-W10. (고 민진)

1) The best memorable content in Week10.

#Race and Ethnicity

Race and ethnicity is very relevant. But they are different concepts (There are actually many overlapping).

First, race is divided by physical difference. For example, physical feature: face color, facial features, body structure and so on. Specifically, according to face color, black color is divided into black people, and white color is divided into white people and yellow color is divided yellow people.

On the other hand, ethnicity is determined by social characteristics.

As a result of cultural interaction, in the process of any ethnicity producing and developing, unique features appeared to the that people (Their own self).

Race and ethnicity are similar, but strictly different concepts.



#Racism

We countless suffer, experience and abandon racial discrimination from birth to death. We acquire racial discrimination through socialization. For example, adult’s speak to blacks or whites. We can also feel racism through the media. For example, it is easily accessible in movies. White people live in a large, luxurious house or neighborhood, but comparatively blacks often appear to be in a bad shape, such as wrapping awfully or collecting drugs. Finally, we learn through school learning, or through books. We have heard racial discrimination against black people during school hours. Black people could not sit on white buses seat, have no voting rights, and were considered dirty.

With these various paths, we learn unconsciously about racial discrimination.



#Sex and Gender

Similar to the above, sex and gender are similar but different concepts. Sex is used to distinguish men and women from biologically. In other words, it is a 'physical' sex that is distinguished from the birth of an individual. Gender, on the other hand, is a spiritual aspect, a 'acquired' that is learned by social or cultural environments after the individual is born. In summary, sex is the inherited sex and gender is the acquired sex.

# Sex discrimination

We are experiencing gender discrimination in real life.

From a man's point of view, promotion is slower than man employees that employed at the same time because of pregnancy, difficulty in recognizing their ability, and giving up work because of child-care. Becoming a major victim of sexual harassment and sexual assault. What should be done in marriage. And so on ...

On the other hand, from a man's point of view, to go to the army. Graduation is delayed and job is delayed than a girl who entered the same period at the same time. Subway ladies only seats, women's private parking and so on...

There are a myriad of examples of sexual discrimination that we are experiencing in our daily lives. As a result, the issue of sexual discrimination has never ceased. Past women have not been given the right to vote. A woman should live with a good man. A dramatic example of this is the 'patriarchal society'. In a patriarchal society, a man becomes the center of a house and decides everything, and a woman must quietly do housework. We can see many examples of gender discrimination through textbooks through various media, such as racism.

An interesting example is the Korean saying: If the first guest is a woman, there is no luck on that day. We can feel gender discrimination in the proverb with the thoughts of past ancestors.

copy right: http://blog.naver.com/ever5842/220125647955

2)My opinion in this link.

In these two links, we learned about racism and sexism. I think these discriminations should disappear. But as we have experienced, it is impossible to completely disappear. With emphasis on human rights and equality, racial discrimination and gender discrimination are considered to be immoral thoughts and behaviors. but in reality, they are unknowingly treated or exercised a raw deal unintentionally. I have also experienced sexual discrimination as a woman. For example, when a relatives eat together at a holiday, women prepare man’s meal, so man eat first, and then the women eat latter. Also, when preparing a sacrifice, the woman is almost prepare food for sacrifice, and the man gives sacrifice. However, when I think about men, there are countless examples of sex discrimination that they ave experienced.

Racial discrimination will be similar. I think, we actually practice action and have courage when we experience and see that discriminations are unfair and immoral. Also I think this is important, but legal sanctions are more important. Many people sacrificed for the realization of the present equality. Also we should not forget it.

 

#My question at this link

is "What legal sanctions are needed to eliminate or reduce gender and racial discrimination?"